State Capitol Building

Rising at the end of Dexter Avenue at the top of a hill originally called Goat Hill, the Alabama State Capitol building has presided over Montgomery since 1851 — a Greek Revival structure of white columns and a central dome that has witnessed more pivotal and painful moments in American history than almost any comparable building in the country. It has served as the seat of state government, the cradle of the Confederacy, the backdrop of the Civil Rights Movement, and the site of a blood feud murder. That it carries a haunted reputation is almost difficult to avoid.

The current building is the second capitol on this ground. The first, completed in 1847, burned down two years later. The current structure was completed in 1851, built partly by enslaved laborers, with its famous cantilevered spiral staircases crafted by Horace King, a formerly enslaved man who became one of the most accomplished builders in the antebellum South. The building immediately became the center of enormous historical forces. On January 11, 1861, Alabama voted to secede from the Union in the old Senate Chamber. Within weeks, delegates from six seceding states gathered in that same room and drafted the Provisional Constitution of the Confederate States of America. On February 18, 1861, Jefferson Davis arrived by carriage and was inaugurated as the Confederacy's only president on the front portico — the exact spot now marked by a brass six-pointed star embedded in the marble. Montgomery served as the Confederate capital for just over three months before the government relocated to Richmond. What remained was a building soaked in the weight of a nation's collapse.

More than a century later, the Capitol stood at the center of history again. The third Selma to Montgomery Voting Rights March ended on its steps on March 25, 1965, with 25,000 protesters gathered on Dexter Avenue as Martin Luther King Jr. addressed the crowd. The building had once been the seat of the government that institutionalized slavery. Now it was the terminus of a march demanding the right of Black Americans to vote. That collision of meanings is embedded in the architecture itself.

The most documented paranormal claim involves a murder committed inside the building on Halloween 1912. A property dispute between a young man named Will Oakley and his stepfather P.A. Woods came to a head in the Capitol offices of the state convict board president. Oakley produced two pistols, offered one to his stepfather for a duel, and when Woods refused, shot him four times. Oakley fled down the Capitol stairs, walked to the county jail, and surrendered. He was eventually committed to Bryce Hospital in Tuscaloosa, escaped, and was never heard from again. Since then, employees and security guards have repeatedly reported bathroom faucets turning on by themselves in the offices near the old convict board rooms — water running from fixtures with no one present, stopping only when manually shut off. Renovations over the decades have done nothing to stop it. The prevailing legend holds that Oakley's spirit returns endlessly to wash his stepfather's blood from his hands.

The building's Civil War associations generate a separate layer of claims. A security guard quoted in a 1994 Birmingham News article reported seeing a female apparition near the statue of Governor Lurleen Wallace, wearing white opera-length gloves that matched those in Wallace's official portrait. Ghost tour operators describe the figure as a Civil War widow roaming the upper offices, wailing for a husband lost to the war. Cold spots and unexplained sounds have been attributed to the presence of Jefferson Davis, Civil War surgeon John Allan Wyeth — whose statue stands on the Capitol grounds — and an unidentified Confederate soldier.

The Alabama State Capitol is open to the public Monday through Saturday and offers free guided tours. The governor's office still operates here. The old Senate Chamber where the Confederacy was born still stands. The brass star still marks where Davis took his oath. And somewhere in the building, according to those who have worked the late shifts, the water still runs.